Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology

Role of radiosensitivity and radioresistance genetic markers in hematological and cardiovascular disease in persons exposed after the Chornobyl accident

J. M. Minchenko1, I. S. Dyagil1, O. O. Dmytrenko1, I. V. Dmytrenko1, T. Y. Shlaykhtychenko1, T. I. Gavrylenko2, D. O. Biliy1, V. I. Khomenko3, V. G.Bebeshko1
1State Institution “National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Melnykov str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
2SE NSC “Acad. N.D.Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology” NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
3Kyiv Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Kyiv, Ukraine

The objective was to study the immunogenetic component contribution to the formation of post-radiation effects in the long-term period after radiation exposure at the level of the human immune response as a prognostic criterion for risk assessment of radiation-associated somatic diseases.
Study object was the convalescents of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) of the first grade of severity, 88 patients with a similar radiation history but with unconfirmed ARS, 73 patients being the liquidators of the Chornobyl accident consequences (LCAC) with chronic ischemic heart disease (HIHD), 65 patients LCAC without HIHD, 120 non-exposed patients with HIHD, 256 patients with oncohematological diseases and 500 healthy people – a population control.
Results. Markers of risk of realization of genetic predisposition to oncohematological and cardiovascular disease in these groups were identified on the basis of study of immunological, hematological and molecular genetic disorders in relation to immunogenetic factors.
Conclusion. These data indicate that realization of HLA-genetic predisposition to the disease is one of the radiation associated multifactorial pathology pathways, and presence of radiosensitivity markers in pheno/genotype enhances the realization risk of pathological process under irradiation.

Key words: genetic markers, radiosensitivity, radioresistance, multifactorial disorders, acute radiation sickness, immunopathological reactions, associative relation.

Problems of radiation medicine and radiobiology. 2013;18:220–231.