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AGE AND GENDER PATTERNS OF THYROID CANCER INCIDENCE IN UKRAINE DEPENDING ON THYROID RADIATION DOSES FROM RADIOACTIVE IODINE EXPOSURE AFTER THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT
M. M. Fuzik1,4, A. Ye. Prysyazhnyuk1, Y. Shibata2, A. Yu. Romanenko1, Z. P. Fedorenko3, N. A. Gudzenko1, L. O. Gulak3, N. K. Trotsyuk1, Ye. L. Goroh3, O. M. Khukhrianska1, O. V. Sumkina3, V. A. Saenko4, Sh. Yamashita2
1State Institution “National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of MedicalSciences of Ukraine”, Melnykov str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
2Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture 960-1295 Japan
3National Cancer Institute, 33/43 Lomonosov str., Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
4Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
The objective of this study was to investigate the thyroid cancer incidence in a whole territory of Ukraine and to clear up its age and gender patterns depending on average regional (oblast) thyroid doses from radioactive iodine due to the Chornobyl accident.
Materials and methods. On the basis of average accumulated thyroid doses from radioactive iodine the geographical regions of Ukraine with low and high average thyroid doses were identified for a comparative analysis performance. Methods of descriptive epidemiology were used.
Results. The level and dynamics of thyroid cancer incidence were analyzed in different gender and age groups (both for attained age and age at the moment of the Chornobyl accident). Results of this study confirmed the radiation excess of thyroid cancer in individuals who were children and adolescents in 1986. Some excess was observed in elder age groups too. Especial situation was observed in female age group 40–49 at the moment of the Chornobyl accident i.e. the age-specific thyroid cancer incidence rates were significantly higher in “high exposure” regions comparing with “low exposure” ones during all years of observation within 1989–2009.
Conclusions. A probable radiation excess of thyroid cancer was suggested not only in children and adolescents but also in adult age groups. In elder age groups this excess was less expressed and manifested after a longer period of time. The origin of the phenomenon in female age group of 40–49 is unclear now. Hypothesis of combined effect of radiation and natural changing of hormonal status in this age should be checked in the future studies.
Key words: thyroid cancer, malignant tumors, incidence, Chornobyl accident, radioactive iodine.
Problems of radiation medicine and radiobiology. 2013;18:144–155.
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