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Yu. O. Silaiev
State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Hematology and Oncology of the
National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
CYTOKINE IMBALANCE IN PLASMA CELL MYELOMA PATIENTS SURVIVED AFTER THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT
Background. As is commonly known, cytokines have an ability to influence the inflammatory reactions, cytotoxic
effects, as well as the immune defense of the body. Study of the disease course depending on the ratio of pro- and
anti-inflammatory cytokines is an urgent problem of contemporary oncohematology for the purpose of personalized
treatment and improvement of the quality of life of patients with plasma cell myeloma who survived after the
Chornobyl NPP accident.
Objective: comparative analysis of the state of cytokine regulation in plasma cell myeloma patients at different
stages of therapy depending on a radiation component in the history to optimize the spectrum of clinical-hematological and immunological factors for the prognosis of disease course and assessment of therapy effectiveness.
Materials and methods. Content of cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) in peripheral blood was assayed in the stage I–III
plasma cell myeloma patients (n = 124) by the immunoenzymatic method using horseradish peroxidase as an indicator enzyme. The Multiskan EX 355 enzyme immunoassay analyzer (Termolabsystems, China) with a multichannel
vertical scanning spectrophotometer was used.
Results. A significantly greater violations of cytokine balance and signs of formation of a «cytokine storm» i.e. an
excessive cytokine production were found in the Chornobyl NPP accident survivors, provoking a severe course of
tumor process and occurrence of disease complications at all stages of the plasma cell myeloma.
Conclusion. Study of cytokine imbalance in plasma cell myeloma patients survived after the Chornobyl NPP accident is appropriate to predict the disease clinical course, prevent complications, increase effectiveness and prescribe
a personalized treatment.
Key words: plasma cell myeloma; treatment effectiveness; cytokines; survivors of the Chornobyl NPP accident.
Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2025;30:468-479. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2025-30-468-479
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