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D. A. Kurinnyi1, O. M. Demchenko1 , O. V. Zemskova2, L. V. Neumerzhytska1, T. P. Lyashchenko3,
S. R. Rushkovsky1,3
1State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Hematology and Oncology of the
National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
2State Institution «Romodanov Institute of Neurosurgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of
Ukraine», 32 Platona Maiborody St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
3Educational and Scientific Center «Institute of Biology and Medicine» of Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska St., 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
EFFECT OF ASTAXANTHIN ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF TUMOR- AND RADIATION-INDUCED CHROMOSOMAL DAMAGE IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES OF GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS
Objective: to investigate chromosome abnormalities resulting from the tumor-induced bystander effect (TIBE) and
to assess the ability of astaxanthin to modify TIBE in non-irradiated and in vitro irradiated peripheral blood lymphocytes of glioblastoma patients.
Methods. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from 30 individuals (20 glioblastoma patients and 10 healthy volunteers)
were cultured. Some samples were exposed to γ-rays at a dose of 1.0 Gy prior to cultivation. Astaxanthin was added to
the culture medium at a final concentration of 20.0 µg/ml before PBL incubation. Chromosomal preparations were
obtained using standard protocols. Cytogenetic analysis included both chromatid- and chromosome-type aberrations.
Results. In the analysis of baseline cytogenetic parameters in non-irradiated peripheral blood lymphocytes of
glioblastoma patients, the mean frequency of aberrant metaphases was (5.91 ± 0.74) %, which was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). The mean frequency of chromosome aberrations was
6.21 ± 0.87 per 100 cells, indicating the presence of TIBE. Following exposure to ionizing radiation, the level of chromosomal damage was also significantly higher in glioblastoma patients compared with healthy volunteers (p < 0.05).
Treatment with astaxanthin in both irradiated and non-irradiated peripheral blood lymphocytes resulted in a significant reduction in the frequency of chromosome aberrations (p < 0.01), primarily due to a decrease in chromosometype aberrations. In irradiated cultures, the frequency of chromosomal aberrations decreased from 23.99 ± 2.24 to
12.01 ± 1.21 per 100 cells on average. Notably, astaxanthin did not affect the frequency of single fragments.
Conclusion. Astaxanthin at a concentration of 20.0 µg/ml significantly reduces the manifestation of the tumorinduced bystander effect at the cytogenetic level in cultures of both non-irradiated and irradiated peripheral blood
lymphocytes from glioblastoma patients.
Key words: human genetics; chromosomal aberrations; tumor-induced bystander effect; peripheral blood lymphocytes; glioblastoma; ionizing radiation.
Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2025;30:248-259. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2025-30-248-259
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