Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology

S. R. Rushkovsky¹, O. M. Demchenko², M. H. Romanenko², M. Yu. Makarchuk¹, D. A. Kurinnyi²

¹ Educational and Scientific Center «Institute of Biology and Medicine» of the Taras Shevchenko Kyiv
National University, 64/13 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
² State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Hematology and
Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine

IMPACT OF ASTAXANTHIN ON MANIFESTATIONS OF THE DIRECT AND RESCUE TUMOR-INDUCED BYSTANDER EFFECT

Objective: to investigate the reciprocal impact on the genome of malignant and normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes under their co-culture and the possibility to modify the effects by astaxanthin.
Methods. Separate and joint/separate culturing of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients (n = 6) and conditionally healthy individuals (n = 6), Comet assay method, fluorescence microscopy with automated software for the analysis of results, statistical methods.
Results. Both direct and rescue tumour-induced bystander effects were observed under the joint/separate culturing of blood lymphocytes of conditionally healthy individuals (the bystander cells) and blood cells from CLL patients (the inducer cells). The direct effect was characterized by the high level of comets corresponding to the S-phase cells and increased apoptotic activity in the bystander cell cultures. The rescue effect in the culture of inducer cells was expressed by the increased frequency of cells retained in S-phase, decreased proportion of cells with a high level of DNA damage and decreased amount of cells in apoptotic stage. Level of both S-phase cells and apoptotic cells in the cultures of bystander cells significantly decreased under the impact of astaxanthin (p < 0.05). Effect of astaxanthin on the inducer cells was the opposite, namely an increased frequency of S-phase cells and increased apoptotic activity in cultures (p < 0.05) was observed.
Conclusions. Possible modification of manifestations of both direct and rescue tumor-induced bystander effects by the astaxanthin was established.
Key words: astaxanthin; joint/separate culturing of human lymphocytes; direct and rescue tumorinduced bystander effects; Comet assay, apoptosis.

Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2024;29:213-227. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-213-227

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