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D. A. Bazyka, K. M. Bruslova, L. O. Liashenko, T. I. Pushkareva, N. M. Tsvyetkova,
S. G. Galkina, V. G. Kondrashova, Zh. S. Yaroshenko, L. O. Gonchar, S. M. Yatsemyrskyi,
I. V. Trychl³b, N. V. Kavardakova, V. G. Boyarskyi, T. O. Chernysh, O. M. Lytvynets
State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
DRIVERS OF HYPERFERREMIA IN CHILDREN LIVING ON RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES AFTER THE CHNPP ACCIDENT IN UKRAINE
Objective: assessment of clinical-hematological and metabolic-biochemical parameters of the of bone tissue and
hormonal regulation depending on the serum iron content and radiation dose values in children living on radiologically contaminated territories after the ChNPP accident in Ukraine.
Materials and methods. Children (n = 271) living on radiologically contaminated territories (RCT) of Ukraine were
involved in the study. Three study groups were formed according to the serum iron level (SIL), namely group I with
SIL 10.0–22.0 μmol/l (n = 92), group II with SIL 23.0–34.0 μmol/l (n = 144), and group III with SIL above
35.0 μmol/l (n = 35). Diseases in the family tree, bodyweight at birth, complaints on osalgia, bone fractures, jaw
anomalies, dental caries, and obesity were accounted. Morphometric parameters of erythrocytes and hemogram elements were analyzed. Creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, total protein, iron, cholesterol, bilirubin, and
transaminases were assayed in blood serum. The urine content of the 19 free amino acids, serum content of the free
thyroxine (FT4), pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and cortisol were assayed both with bone tissue density. Individual radiation doses were calculated.
Results. In 12.9 % of cases the SIL was > 35.0 μmol/l. Relatives with endocrine diseases were often present in the
family tree of children with SIL > 23.0 μmol/l. There were increased urine content of the free amino acids (p < 0.05)
and signs of protein degradation under high SIL. Contents of amino acids involved in collagen synthesis and antioxidant status (alanine, serine, glutamine, aspartic acid) and iron metabolism (arginine, leucine) were assayed at the
highest levels (p < 0.05). Urinary levels of valine, lysine, and methionine, which are associated with iron metabolism,
were decreased (p < 0.05). An inverse correlation (rs = -0.58; p < 0.01) was established between the serum TSH and
cortisol levels regardless of the SIL. Serum TSH level directly correlated with urine content of amino acids involved
in collagen synthesis. An inverse correlation (rs = -0.55; p < 0.001) was established between the serum TSH level
and urine content of tyrosine that is essential for the thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine and thyroxine) synthesis.
Cortisol was found having a negative effect on protein synthesis. Inverse correlation was established between the
serum cortisol level and urine content of the free amino acids essential for collagen synthesis. There was no dependence of the average radiation dose values on the SIL. An inverse correlation was determined between the patient's
radiation dose and SIL > 35.0 μmol/l (rs = -0.29; p < 0.05).
Conclusions. The increased SIL in children living on RCT may occur due to both a genetic predisposition and the
acquired factors driving protein and mineral metabolism of bone and their hormonal regulation.
Key words: children, diseases in the family tree, serum iron, bone tissue, amino acids, pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone, cortisol, ChNPP accident.
Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2023;28:239-253. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-239-253
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