Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology

O. M. Sukhina, K. V. Nemaltsova, O. V. Panov

State Institution «Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology NAMS of Ukraine»,
82 Pushkinska St., Kharkiv, 61024, Ukraine

LATE RADIATION TOXICITY AFTER RADICAL RADIOTHERAPY FOR GENITAL CANCER

Radiation therapy for malignant tumors of the female genital area, even with the use of modern radiotherapy equipment and dosimetric planning, causes the development of local radiation changes. An approach involving methods of general and local exposure is used in their treatment. One of the most promising directions is the creation of optimal combinations of medicines (in the form of ointments, gels, aerosols, suppositories, etc.), which have a therapeutic effect on the inflammatory process. The article reflects the clinical course and stage of occurrence of late radiation reactions of the skin, vaginal/cervix mucosa, bladder, and intestines, as well as the features of their treatment. Literary data and own practical experience in the treatment of radiation complications are presented. When reviewing the topic under study, it could be concluded that the leading cause of the development of local radiation damage is the errors in the planning and implementation of radiation therapy, when high absorbed doses that exceed the tolerance of healthy tissues are used. Another reason for this is the poor accounting for dose distribution of ionizing radiation in tissues, the presence of concomitant diseases in patients, and the underestimation of the long-term effects of radiation.
Key words: female genital organs, radiation damage, radiodermatitis, radioepitheliitis, radiation rectitis, radiation cystitis.

Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2020;25:130-147. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2020-25-130-147

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