Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology

V. O. Buzunov, O. A. Kapustynska

State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Melnykova str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE OF THE POPULATION EVACUATED FROM THE 30-KM ZONE OF THE ChNPP AT THE AGE OF 18-60 YEARS. ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF INTERNAL IONIZING RADIATION ON THE THY-ROID GLAND ¹³¹I

Cohort epidemiological study of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) was conducted in population evacuated from the 30-km zone of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) been adult at the time of the accident (age 18–60). Study period was 1988–2016. Review of the specific CVD link with internal thyroid radiation dose from ¹³¹I has been made.
Objective. Establishing the time pattern of CVD morbidity in population evacuated from the ChNPP exclusion zone been adult at the time of the accident, depending on age, sex, time after the accident and internal thyroid radiation dose from ¹³¹I.
Materials and methods. Data of the State Register of Ukraine on persons who survived after the ChNPP accident (SRU). The time pattern of morbidity was studied according to the observation periods (1988–1992; 1993–1997; 1998–2002; 2003–2007; 2008–2012 and 2013–2016), taking into account age, sex and thyroid radiation dose. The research cohort included 42,982 people with 18,133 men and 24,849 women among them. Data on the thyroid radiation doses in the SRU are seriously limited. Personal data on the radiation dose are available only in 957 people who just were included in the especially studied cohort. Dose intervals 0–0.3, 0.31–0.75, 0.76–2.0 Gy were adopted to review the influence of radiation factor on the CVD development. The data analysis was conducted on a mixed cohort of two age groups under the emergence of radiation effects (the «early» stage, covering the first 6 years from the moment of the accident, the «remote» stage – from 1998 to 2007, the «late» stage – 2008–2016).
Results. Study results indicate that the post-accident period is characterized by an increase in the level of CVD. The incidence rate increase occurred in the second observation period (1993–1997), that is, 6 years after the accident, regardless of sex and age at the time of the accident. The peak of the incidence occurs in the third and fourth periods (1998–2002 and 2003–2007) of observation. Since 2008 there is a gradual decrease in morbidity. In all periods of observation the higher levels of CVD were registered in older people, i.e. 40–60 years at the time of an accident. In the first 11 post-accidental years the higher levels of CVD incidence were observed in women, but in a later period after an accident (12–26 years) in men. At a dose interval of 0.31–0.75 Gy a reliable link was established between the level of CVD with the with internal thyroid radiation dose from ¹³¹I. In other dose intervals the dose-dependent effects are unstable.
Conclusions. The post-accident period was marked by a significant increase in the level of CVD morbidity in the adult evacuees from the 30-km zone of the ChNPP. The incidence rate increase occurred since the 7^th till the 21^st year after the ChNPP accident with the peak of morbidity from 12^th to 21^st years upon the accident. In the period that covered 22–30 years a decrease in the incidence rate was established. Connection of the specific forms of CVD with internal thyroid radiation dose from ¹³¹I has been established.
Key words: Chornobyl accident, adult evacuated population, cerebrovascular disease, effects of internal irradiation of thyroid from ¹³¹I.

Problems of radiation medicine and radiobiology.
2018;23:96_106. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2018-23-96-106.

full text

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