Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology

V. V. Chumak¹, N. P. Deniachenko¹, V. M. Voloskyi¹, O. V.Bakhanova¹, O. Ye. Chumak²,
T. V. Treskunova¹, O. S. Zimina³

¹State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Melnykova str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
²Ukrainian Radiation Protection Institute of the Academy of Technological Sciences of Ukraine, 53 Melnykova str., PO Box 52, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
³State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine, 9/11, Arsenalna str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine

THE REQUIREMENTS FOR INDIVIDUAL MONITORING OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND UKRAINIAN REALITIES

The article includes analysis and generalizations about international and national experience as well as regulatory requirements for the organization and performance of occupational monitoring for radiation exposure (category A personnel), filling of the national dose registries. It is shown that for practical reasons it is justifiable to provide universal individual monitoring of category A personnel, regardless of the expected dose of radiation. The establishment and functioning the national dose registry should not be limited to the mechanical collection and accumulation of data of non-guaranteed quality. Instead, both a quality management program and a scientific and methodological center should become components of the dose monitoring and registration system ensuring the quality and reliability of data on occupational exposure. Besides the dose records, the data sets should include information about methods used, work conditions, employees’ health status. Information exchange infrastructure and data protection policies should be built in accordance with national approaches under the auspices of the State Agency for E-Governance in Ukraine.
Key words: dose, occupational exposure, category A personnel, registry, quality control, data, ionizing radiation.

Problems of radiation medicine and radiobiology.
2018;23:61_81. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2018-23-61-81.

full text

1. UNSCEAR 2008 Report. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Scientific Annexes A and B. Annex B: Exposures of the public and workers from various sources of radiation. New York: United Nations, 2010. 463 p.

2. Derzhavna inspektsiia yadernoho rehuliuvannia Ukrainy. [Report on the situation with nuclear and radiation safety in Ukraine in 2017]. Kyiv; 2017. 81 p. Ukrainian.

3. Khain D, Braunell H., editors. [Radiation dosimetry]. Moskva: Inostrannaia literatura; 1958. 758 p. Russian.

4. Ivanov VI. [The course of dosimetry: a textbook for universities]. Moskva: Energoatomizdat; 1988. 400 p. Russian.

5. ’Annunziata MF. Handbook of radioactivity analysis. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2012; 162 p.

6. [Norms of Radiation Safety of Ukraine (NRSU-97): State Hygiene Standards DHN 6.6.1.-6.5.001-98]. Ministerstvo okhorony zdorov’ia, Komitet z pytan hihiienichnoho rehlamentuvannia; Natsionalna komisiia z radiatsiinoho zakhystu naselennia Ukrainy. Kyiv; 2003. 127 p. Ukrainian.

7. [On approval of state sanitary rules «Basic sanitary rules of radi ation safety of Ukraine». Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No 54 ((Feb 2, 2005)]. Available from: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0552-05. Ukrainian.

8. Radiation protection and safety of radiation sources: International Basic Safety Standards/Series No. GSR Part 3. STI/PUB/1578 (ISBN:978-92-0-135310-8). Vienna: IAEA; 2014. 436 p. Available from: http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1578_web-57265295.pdf

9. Occupational Radiation Protection: General Safety Guide No. GSG-7: IAEA safety standards series, STI/PUB/1785 Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency; 2018. 360 p. ISBN 978-92-0-102917-1.

10. Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom of 5 December 2013 lay ing down basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionising radiation, and repealing Directives 89/618/Euratom, 90/641/Euratom, 96/29/Euratom, 97/43/Euratom and 2003/122/Euratom. Official Journal of the European Union. 2014;57:1-73. Available from: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2013/59/oj

11. [On amendments to the State Sanitary Rules and to the Regulation «The hygienic requirements for the installation and operation of X-ray rooms and X-ray procedures». Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No 1126 (Sept 22, 2017)]. Available from: http://zakon0.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1269-17. Ukrainian.

12. [On protection of the person from influence of ionizing radiation]. The Law of Ukraine of 1998. Publ. L. No. 15/98-VR (Jan 14, 1998). Data onovlennia (Sept 29, 2013). Available from: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/15/98-%D0%B2%D1%80. Ukrainian.

13. [On the Use of Nuclear Energy and Radiation Safety]. The Law of Ukraine of 1995. Publ. L. No. 39/95-VR (Feb 8, 1995). Data onovlennia (Dec 18, 2017). Available from: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/39/95-%D0%B2%D1%80/page. Ukrainian.

14. RER/9/140 Strengthening Protection of Radiation Workers and Occupational Exposure Monitoring.Working materials of IAEA technical cooperation project.

15. Chumak VV, Volosky VM, Morgun AO, Bakhanova OV, Deniachenko NP. [Results of the first national intercomparison of laboratories of individual dosimetric monitoring in Ukraine: Acircular on innovations in radiation safety of category A personnel]. Derzhatomrehuliuvannia Ukrainy, NAMN Ukrainy. Kyiv, 2014. Available from: http://nrcrm.gov.ua/downloads/infolist-1.pdf. Ukrainian.

16. Chumak V, Deniachenko N, Volosky V. Energy and angular dependences of common types of personal dosemeters in the mirror of the First national intercomparison of individual dosimetric monitoring laboratories in Ukraine. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol. 2015;20:257-68.

17. Morgun AO, Chumak VV, Bakhanova OV, Volosky VM, Furkalo SM, Vlasenko OA, et al. [Methodological approach to developing of double dosimetry algorithms and its application in the interventional cardiology]. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol. 2013;18:127-32. Ukrainian.

18. International Organization for Standardization. Quality management systems - fundamentals and vocabulary. 4th ed. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization; 2015. 45 p. ISO 9000:2015.

19. International Organization for Standardization. International Electrotechnical Commission. General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. 3th ed. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization; 2017. ISO/IEC 17025:2017, IDT.

20. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 14146:2000 Radiological protection. Criteria and performance limits for the periodic evaluation of processors of personal dosimeters for X and gamma radiation. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization; 2000. 5 p. ISO 14146:2000

21. Chumak V, Deniachenko N, Makarovska O, Mihailescu LC, Prykhodko A, Voloskyi V, et al. Current status of individual dosimetric monitoring in Ukraine. Radiat Protect Dosimetry. 2016;170(1-4):117-21.

22. Stadtmann H, McWhan A, Figel M, Dobrzynska W, Grimbergen TWM, Romero AM. EURADOS intercomparisons for individual monitoring services: Results of the 2012 whole body intercomparison. Radiat Measur. 2014;71:416-20.

23. Bakhanova OV, Volosky VM, Deniachenko NP, Chumak VV. [Draft Requirements for the services of individual dosimetry monitoring (qualification requirements), first version]. Available from: http://nrcrm.gov.ua/downloads/2018/doc_project_new.pdf. Ukrainian.

24. Ivanov VK, Korelo AM, Panfilov AP, Raikov SV. [ARMIR: system for the optimization of radiological protection of personnel]. Moskva: Pero; 2014. 302 p. Russian.

25. [On protection of personal data]. The Law of Ukraine of 2010. Publ. L. No. 22/97-VI (Jun 6, 2010). Data onovlennia (Jan 30 2018). Available from: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/%202297-17/page. Ukrainian.

26. General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR:Regulation (EU) 2016/679of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016. Available from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32016R0679.