Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology

V. O. Buzunov, K. Y. Prykaschykova, Zh. S. Yaroshenko, G. V. Kostiuk, I. G. Gubina

State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykova str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine

MORBIDITY OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM DISEASES OF RESIDENTS FROM RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED AREAS. ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC LOW-DOSE IONIZING RADIATION

Objective: to study post-accident levels of illnesses system diseases of residents from radioactively contaminated areas aged 0–60 years on the date of the Chornobyl accident, and to analyze the effect of chronic low-dose ionizing radiation.
Materials and methods. Epidemiological research and analysis of morbidity of circulatory system diseases of residents of radioactively contaminated areas (RCA) has been carried out. The individuals who were studied included RCA residents aged 0–60 (98, 902 persons) on the date of the Chornobyl accident. The data of the victims' annual medical examinations during 1988-2016 were received from the State Register of Ukraine (SRU). Detection of the possible dependence of the development of circulatory system diseases on the effects of ionizing radiation was carried out in the range of individual total effective doses ranging from 13–40 mSv and more as accumulated over 26 years after the Chornobyl accident. The control group consisted of individuals with a radiation dose of <13 mSv. The statistical analysis of data was performed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2013 software packages.
Results. For the entire period of the study, 20,552 cases of circulatory system diseases were detected for the first time (ID at 103 person-years is 15.66 ± 0.11), incl. men, respectively, 7,211 cases (12.32 ± 0.14), women – 13,341 cases (18.35 ± 0.16). It has been determined that among the circulatory system diseases of RZT residents there is the most express display of ischemic heart disease, a disease characterized by high blood pressure, including other heart diseases. The dependence of the levels of morbidity on the diseases of the circulatory system on the sex of victims was established. A connection has been established between the development of certain circulatory system diseases and the amounts of individual total effective doses of ionizing radiation accumulated over the period of 1986–2012. Individual total effective doses of ionizing radiation in men and women in the range of doses of 13–40 mSv or more.
Conclusions. On the basis of cohort epidemiological studies, there was studied the dynamics of levels of circulatory system diseases among the RCT residents aged 0–60 years on the date of the Chornobyl accident during the observation period of 1988–2016. The overstated levels of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were established in the first twelve post-accident years, especially in the first six years. The highest morbidity rates for circulatory system diseases were identified in women over men. The development of certain circulatory system diseases, both in men and women, in a certain period is associated with the amount of dose of ionizing radiation from radionuclides 134Сs, 137Сs.
Key words: accident at the Chornobyl NPP, inhabitants of radioactive contaminated territories (RZT) up to 60 years at the date of the Chornobyl accident, illness of the circulatory system, effects of small doses of chronic ionizing radiation.

Problems of radiation medicine and radiobiology.
2018;23:107_119. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2018-23-107-119.

full text

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