Yu. O. Mytsyk, Yu. B. Borys, I. V. Datz, L. V. Manyuk, O. S. Ilchyshyn, O. Ya. Soldatenko,
I. V. Danyleychenko, I. O. Makogonov, N. M. Skaletska
Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Pekarska str., 69, 79010, Ukraine
A modern view on the effect of radiation exposure of patients during diagnostic evaluation of renal cell carcinoma and ways to avoid it
One of the effects of the ionizing radiation on the cell is the emergence of genetic mutations which may lead to cancer development. The patients’ exposure dose during diagnostics of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by means of ordinary CT amounts to 5 mGy (5 mSv) and it can rise up to 50 mGy (5mSV) in the setting of multiphase scan. Until recent times, the evaluation of a risk for the cancer development caused by such relatively small doses of radiation exposure has been considered unnecessary. Nowadays, the influence of ionizing radiation during diagnostic procedures has been proved to increase the risk of cancer development significantly. The multiphase CT, routinely used in RCC diagnostics, results in 1 case of radiation-induced cancer per 250 (180–370) scans in female and per 330 (240–490) scans in male individuals. There is a proved association between CN scans in dose > 7,5 mSv and patients’ DNA damage. Thus, one of the ways to avoid radiation exposure of the patients with RCC is wider application of MRI and X-ray tubes of decreased voltage, however, further investigations in this field are still required.
Key words: ionizing radiation, diagnostics, renal-cell carcinoma, harmfulness.
Problems of radiation medicine and radiobiology. 2017;22:69-78.
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