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Peculiarities of non,malignant endocrine disease in the Chornobyl NPP
accident survivors, and hormonal interaction role
State Institution “National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical
Sciences of Ukraine”, Melnykov str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
O. V. Kaminskiy
Objective. Identification of the role of intersystemic hormonal interactions in development of most preva&
lent central and peripheral non&malignant clinical/metabolic endocrine disorders in the Chornobyl NPP accident
(ChNPPA) survivors.
Materials and methods. Retrospective assay of non&malignant radiation effects on endocrine system was applied in
18,192 survivors of the ChNPPA. Data from the Clinical/Epidemiological Register of the SI “National Research Center
for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” for the period of 1993–2003 were
involved. Anthropometric values, biochemical and hormonal assay indices, diagnostic thyroid ultrasound data, exter&
nal radiation dose values were taken into account both with calculated insulin resistance index.
Results. Thyroid disease incidence in ChNPPA survivors increased dramatically 10 years upon radiation impact being
39.33 % in average, 14.35 % (ð < 0.01 vs. entire population) for nodular goiter, and about 8 % for autoimmune thy&
roiditis (ð < 0.01 vs. the same). As a result of an advanced examination of ChNPPA survivors the incidence of dif&
fuse non&toxic goiter was 40.4 % (?2 Yates = 73.82; ð = 0), of nodular goiter – 23.1 % (?2 Yates = 14.13; ð = 0.002) vs.
values in the control group (4.8 % and 17.6 % respectively). Some hormonal interactions were identified in study
subjects indicating the thyroid disease onset under radiation impact through insulin resistance at the background
of adipose tissue excess followed by body mass index increase, elevation of serum C&peptide and leptin levels, and
onset of lipid metabolic disorders.
Results. Significant increase of the incidence of thyroid disease (1.5–3&fold), diabetes mellitus (3–7&fold),
pre&obesity and obesity (in 25.67 %), and metabolic syndrome (5&fold) vs. entire population of Ukraine was found
in remote terms upon the accident. Intricate pathogenetic intersystemic hormonal interactions were identified pre&
disposing to thyroid disease due to insulin resistance, accompanying hyperinsulinemia, increased body mass index
and some other hormonal and biochemical factors.
Key words: ChNPP accident, accident survivors, ionizing radiation, endocrine system, obesity, diabetes mellitus.
Problems of radiation medicine and radiobiology. 2014;19:256-266.
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