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D. A. Bazyka1, O. O. Lytvynenko1, O. O. Litvinenko2
1State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
2Nonprofit Organization National Cancer Institute of Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 33/43 Julia Zdanovska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
INFLUENCE OF IONIZING RADIATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BREAST CANCER
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the urgent problems of health care, which is due to a constant trend of growth. One of
the risk factors for the development of breast cancer is ionizing radiation (IR). Numerous epidemiological and
experimental studies have shown the high sensitivity of the mammary gland (MG) to this factor. Consideration of
models of absolute and relative risks of the occurrence of radio-induced tumors of the MG in irradiated persons
showed the importance of such factors as age at the time of irradiation, multiplicity. frequency of exposure, dose
level and concomitant non-neoplastic diseases of the mammary and thyroid gland (TG). Excess radiation-induced
cases of cervical cancer were found among irradiated women after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Epidemiological features of the development of breast cancer under the influence of IV are presented in detail,
which is one of the environmental factors involved in the formation of the modern carcinogenic situation. In connection with the significant sensitivity of the MG to the carcinogenic effect of IR, this form of neoplasms attracted
special attention after the Chornobyl accident. The effect of small doses of radiation after the Chornobyl disaster
led to a wave-like change in the incidence of breast cancer in certain periods of the year, and the radiation-induced
incidence of this pathology can occur spontaneously.
Key words: breast cancer, radiation risk, ionizing radiation, territory contaminated with radionuclides, radiation
effect, carcinogenic risk, radiosensitivity.
Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2023;28:22-48. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-22-48
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