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O. V. Shemetun, O. O. Talan, O. B. Dibska, M. M. Yeremeeyva, M. A. Pilinska
State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical
Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
CYTOGENETIC STUDY OF MANIFESTATIONS OF THE UNIVERSAL PHENOMENON OF THE BYSTANDER RESPONSE
Objective: to establish the level of chromosomal instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from healthy
individuals and cells from patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) under co-cultivation conditions
and to determine the possibility of inducing manifestations of the universal phenomenon of bystander response in
them.
Materials and methods. Cytogenetic analysis of uniformly stained chromosomes from human PBL, which differed by
cytogenetic markers of sex; the presence of oncological transformation and in vitro irradiation of 137Cs in a dose of
0.50 Gy under the conditions of their joint cultivation was performed.
Results. The frequency of chromosome aberrations in PBL from healthy individuals when co-cultured with the blood
from CLL patients was 3.35 per 100 cells, exceeded the control (1.48 per 100 cells, ð < 0.01), did not significantly
differ from the rate in non-irradiated blood T-lymphocytes from patients with B-cell CLL (3.18 per 100 cells, ð > 0.05)
and was lower than when co-cultivated with irradiated blood from CLL patients (5.00 per 100 cells, ð < 0.01). In
irradiated in vitro blood lymphocytes from CLL patients, the mean group level of chromosome aberrations under separate cultivation was 12.36 per 100 cells and exceeded the indicator during their co-cultivation with lymphocytes
from healthy individuals (8.35 per 100 cells, ð < 0.05).
Conclusions. A tumor-induced bystander effect (TIBE) develops in PBL from healthy individuals when co-cultured
with the blood from CLL patients and in T lymphocytes of B-cell CLL patients, the cytogenetic manifestation of which
is an increase in the frequency of single chromatid fragments. The interaction of irradiated blood cells from CLL
patients with lymphocytes from healthy individuals causes an increase in chromosomal instability in the latter due
to the development of a radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) and leads to a decrease in the level of chromosomal instability in irradiated lymphocytes from CLL patients (rescue effect). An increase in the level of chromatidtype aberrations in T-lymphocytes of CLL patients during in vitro irradiation is a consequence of the development
of RIBE against the background of TIBE.
Key words: mixed culture of human blood lymphocytes, ionizing radiation, chromosomal instability, bystander response.
Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2022;27:249-263. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2022-27-249-263
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