Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology

D. A. Bazyka¹, O. O. Lytvynenko¹, S. G. Bugaicov¹, G. F. Shakhrai¹, I. I. Daniluk²

¹State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
²Municipal Non-profit Enterprise «Vinnitsia Regional Clinical Hospital Named After N. I. Pyrohov», 46 Pyrohova St., Vinnytsia, 21018, Ukraine

ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS OF THE THYROID GLAND IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT BREAST TUMORS, WHO SUFFERED FROM THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT

Objective. Study the nature of structural and functional changes in the thyroid gland in patients with malignant tumors of the mammary glands that have suffered from the Chornobyl accident.
Materials and methods. Examination of 80 patients with malignant tumors of the mammary glands at the age of 27–85 years. In 78 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer with different stages of the spread of the tumor process. The participants in the aftermath of the accident were 12 people, living in radioactive contaminated areas – 68. Mammography was performed with the help of mammographs Senographe 700 T and 800 Tsm. Echographic study of the structure of the mammary gland and the thyroid gland was performed on the ultrasound devices Nemio XG SSA-580. Computed tomography was performed on a multi-detector computed tomography 64 КТ «LightSpeed VCT». MRI was performed on a magnetic resonance imager «Magnetom Vision Plus 1,5 T». For trepan biopsies, special needles were used in combination with a biopsy system gun «Magnum». The functional state of the thyroid gland was studied by studying the level of the thyroid hormone in peripheral venous blood.
Results. The results of the ultrasound study on the structural changes in the thyroid gland (TG) and markers that characterize the functional state of the TG in women with breast cancer, show that 60 out of 80 patients who asked for help with various forms of breast cancer and examined in the clinic, revealed the presence of structural changes in the thyroid gland, which is 75 %.
Сonclusions. Structural changes in the thyroid gland in patients with breast cancer, who are considered victims of the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident, were diagnosed in 75 %, of which 71.25 % of patients did not know about the presence of pathological changes in the thyroid gland before the examination in the clinic. In the structure of the identified pathological changes in the thyroid gland, 47.5 % accounted for the nodular goiter, 10 % for small hydrophilic and small fibrous areas, 3.75 % for previously undergone surgery for thyroid removal, 3.75 % for chronic thyroiditis, 7.5 % – CAIT, 2.5 % – cystic changes in the thyroid gland, 3.75 % – nodular goiter and CAIT.
Key words: malignant tumors, mammary gland, thyroid gland, breast cancer, structural parameters, functional parameters, accident at ChNPP.

Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2019;24:312-321. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2019-24-312-321

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